Valve mechanism.



'S. S; CASKBY.

VALVE MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 9, 1910.

1,049,451. I Patented Jan.'?, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1'.

ii Eli IIIHM L I H LL H oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo S. S.GASKEY.

VALVE MEGHANISM.

' APPLICATION FILED APR.9, 1910.

. 1,049,451. Patented Jan. 7, 1913.

4 SHEETSSHEET 2.

. 4 I H v WITNESSES g \Iffi: 7 gVENTUR W0 2mwf S. S. CASKEY.

VALVE MECHANISM.

APPLIOATION FILED APR. 9, 1910.

1,049,451 Patented Jan. 7, 1913.

COLUMBIA PLAN c S. S. OASKEY.

VALVE MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED APR.9, 1910.

1,049,45 1 Patented Jan. 7, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

42? 42 i 4a 4" WlTNESSES 4/ (NVENTOR I BY 5M WNFFED @TATES PATENT@FFlCE.

SAMUEL'S. CASKEY, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNsYLvANIApAsSIGNoR TO GASKEY VALVECOMPANY, OF l-IOLMESBUHG, PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A COR- PORATION 0FNEW YOEK.

VALVE MECHANISM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. '7, 1913..

Application filed April 9, 1910. Serial No. 554,323.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL S. Casnnr, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania,have invented a new and useful Valve Mechanism, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to hydraulic ram mechanisms and more particularlyto a means for controlling and operating a ram through the medium of anovel type of valve construction to withstand high pressure andwvhereinthe moving parts of the valve are power governed and permit of easy andsensitive control of the valve at any suitable distance therefrom.

The invention consists further of a novel pilot valve mechanism by meansof which the main control valve is regulated and operated at the propertime to introduce the fluid pressure into the ram for a forward orreturn stroke of the same.

The device is particularly adapted for use in connection with hydraulicrams, such as used in high pressure pipe or tube manufacture, elevatorpractice or other kindred uses.

It further consists of other novel features of construction, all as willbe hereinafter fully set forth.

For the purpose of illustrating my invention, I have shown in theaccompanying drawings one form thereof which is at present preferred byme, since the same has been found in practice to give satisfactory andreliable results, although it is to be understood that the variousinstrumentalities of which my invention consists can be variouslyarranged and organized and that my invention is not limited to theprecise arrangement and organization of these instrumentalities asherein shown and described.

Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a ram cylinder, broken away, andthe device embodying my invention secured thereto. Fig. 2 represents abottom plan of the same. Fig. 3 represents a bottom plan of the valvemechanism. Fig. 1 represents an end elevation of the same. Fig. 5represents a side elevation showing the valve control mechanism. Fig. 6represents in plan a portion of the valve control mechanism. Fig. 'Zrepre sents a section on line a2-a=, Fig. 6. Fig. 8 represents an endelevation of the mecha nism shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 9 represents a sectionon line y-y, Fig. 6. Fig. 10 represents an end elevation of the pilotvalve. Fig. 11 represents a longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 12represents a side elevation partly in section of the main control valve.Fig. 13 represents an end elevation, partly in section, of the same.Figs. 1 1 to 18 inclusive represent diagrammatically my valve controlmechanism in different positions.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in thefigures.

Referring to the drawings :1 designates a pipe forming in the presentinstance the cylinder of a hydraulic ram, of which 2 is the piston and 3the piston rod, all being of well known construction. As here shown, thecylinder 2 has secured thereto an apertured plate 4 for the purpose ofsupporting a novel valve mechanism now to be de scribed. This valvemechanism consists of a casing 5 having apertured ears 6 preferablyintegral therewith and by means of which the casing 5 is mounted uponthe plate 4, suitable stud bolts 7 or the like being utilized as will beapparent. The casing 5 is bored out to receive a closure plug 8 and itwill be noted that the bored portion has a three-way communication withthe exterior of the casing, these communications, as here shown,consisting of an inlet port 9, an outlet port 10 and an exhaust port 11.In order to establish a flow of fluid between any two of these ports theplug 8 has therein a passage 12 preferably T-shaped as in the ordinarythree-way valve construction. It will thus be apparent that by turningthe plug 8 the inlet port 9 may be connected to deliver fluid direct tothe outlet port 10 and then the exhaust port is closed, and piston 2will move downwardly. If desired, the outlet port 10 may be thrown intocommunication with the exhaust port 11 while the inlet port 9 is e11-tirely cut off, and then the piston 52 moves upwardly due to thedifferential area. As here shown, an inlet pipe 13 is suitably scouredto the casing 5 in alinement with the inlet port 9 and is also connectedto the cylinder 1 at a suitable point to admit fluid pressure at oneside of the piston 2.

14 designates a supply pipe connected to a suitable fitting 15 in theinlet pipe 13 and to this arrangement of the fluid pressure conduit,since one side of the piston 2 is thereby always subject to the linepressure while the opposite side is subjected thereto a only at certaintimes, as determined by the position of the valve plug 8 as above de-'scribed. The piston 2 is, in fact, a differential one and operates aswell known through the same pressure applied to varying areas.

In connection with the inlet port 9 it will be noted that a sealingbushing 17 is utilized to prevent leakage around the plug 8 and itsinner face corresponds in shape to the contour of the surface of theplug 8, with which it preferably makes a ground joint. This bushing 17is maintained in operative position preferably by a collar 18 threadedinto the casing 1 and a spring 19, as will be apparent.

In valves designed for high pressure work it often becomes diflicult tomanually operate the closures at the proper time for the reason thatshould there be any sticking due to sediment, scale or the like, thepressure of the fluid makes it practically impossible to open or closethe valve at the time desired. In order to obviate such defects ofoperation, I have devised an auxiliary mechanism operating inconjunction with the valve mechanism above described, wherein the latteris positively controlled and may be manipulated surely and quickly.

The plug 8 is provided with the usual stems 20, here shown as projectingexterior of the casing 5, and packed by means of a suitable stufling boxstructure 21. Cap plates 22 are provided on each side of the casing 5 topermit access to the interior of the casing 5 and allow assembling anddisassembling of the parts. Each plate 22 is secured in position bymeans of studs 23 or like fastening devices.

24 designates a gear segment secured by akey 25 or the like to one ofthe plug stems 20 and serving as a power transmitting means to cause aturning of the valve plug 8. This segment 24 is secured in operativeposition by means of a nut 26and cotter pin 27, though, of course, anywell known fastening means may be employed. In the present instance, alug 28 is formed integral with the segment 22 for a purpose to bepresently described, and as here shown, this lug 28 is internallythreaded as at 29 to receive a coiiperating member.

30 designates a piston rod carrying the piston 31 and has formed thereonrack 32 normally in mesh with the toothed segment 24. The piston 31 isslidingly mounted in a casing 33 secured by studs 34 to the casing 5 andforming the cylinder of an auxiliary motor for operating the main valveplug 8. It will be noted that the casing 33 is suitably cut away toreceive the segment 24 and is also provided with a port 35 lead; ingback of the piston 31. This port 35 has connection through the pipe 36with an auxiliary supply pipe 37 connected to the fitting 15 andreceiving fluid pressure from the main supply pipe 14.

38 designates a pilot valve suitably secured to the casing 33 and havinga bore 39 therethrough provided with an enlarged portion 40 therein toreceive the plug 41 forming the closure of the valve.

42 designates the exhaust port of the valve 38, the same communicatingwith the interior of the valve and controlled by the movement of theplug 41. In the present instance the plug 41 has a three way opening 43therein for obvious control purposes. As in the main valve 5, a sealingbushing 44 abuts the plug 41 and is similarly held by a spring 45 andthreaded collar 46.

The opening and closing movement of the pilot valve 38 is controlled-bya lever system which alsooperates in conjunction with the main valve 5and will now be described.

47 designates a rod pivotally secured at 48 to an arm 49 and ofsuflicient length to eX tend within reach of the operator of themechanism. As here shown, the arm 49 is pivoted at 50 to a link 51,keyed to the stem 52 of the pilot valve plug 41, thus it- Will be seenthat any movement of the rod 47 efl'ects a shifting of the pilot valveplug 41.

In the operation of the valve mechanism the rod 47 is shifted toturn thepilot valve plug 41 to the position indicated in Fig. 14, the main valvebeing closed as shown in dotted lines. During this movement the levermechanism is swung about the point 53 as a fulcrum, and as soon as thepilot valve 41 has been turned, the pressure fluid acts on piston 31,and through the rack 32 and segment 24 swings the valve plug 8 to theposition shown in Fig. 15. This movement shifts the lever mechanismabout the point 48 as a fulcrum and closes the pilot valve 41 as will beapparent. When it becomes necessary to close the main valve 8 the rod 47is shifted in the opposite direction to bring the parts into theposition shown in Fig. 18. In this position the cylinder 33 isexhausting through port 42 and pressure normally passing through port 35act-s on the piston 31 and thus shifts the rack 32 to close the valve 8.The closing of the main valve shifts the lever mechanism about the point48 as a fulcrum and the parts assume the position of Fig. 16. At thistime the fluid pressure on the smaller area of main piston 2 returns theram to normal position, while the opposite end of the cylinder 1 isexhausting through port 11. The auxiliary pressure control mechanismoperates the main valve substantially simultaneously with the shiftingof the pilot valve 41, the effect being that a positive movement of themain valve is obtained for the slightest shifting of the manuallyoperated lever 4L7. That is to say, if the lever 47 is moved to crackthe pilot valve 41, the main valve 8 will also be cracked, thus it willbe seen that the valve 8 is manipulated with the same precision as ifdirectly connected to the hand lever 47.

It will now be apparent that I have devised a complete unitary structureoperating effectively for the purpose intended and whereby the valvemechanism of the hydraulic ram may be operated with extreme ease, andfurthermore its action is positive and sure.

It will now be apparent that I have devised a novel and usefulconstruction of a valve which embodies the features of advantageenumerated as desirable in the statement of the invention and the abovedescription, and while I have, in the present instance, shown anddescribed a preferred embodiment thereof which has been found inpractice to give satisfactory and reliable results, it is to beunderstood that the same is susceptible of modification in variousparticulars without departing from the spirit or scope of the inventionor sacrificing any of its advantages.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, 'is:

1. In a device of the character stated, a ram, a valve casing securedthereto, a rotatable plug in said casing, a pressure operated pistonslidingly mounted adjacent said plug, means to transmit movement of saidpiston to said plug, a pilot valve to control a supply of fluid pressureto said piston, means to open said pilot valve to admit fluid pressureto said ,piston, and means operated by said rotatable plug to close saidpilot valve.

2. In a device of the character stated, a ram, a valve casing securedthereto, a rotatable plug in said casing, a pressure operated pistonslidingly mounted adjacent said plug, means to transmit movement of saidpiston to said plug, a pilot valve to control a supply of fluid pressureto said piston, and a plurality of levers connected to said valveswhereby said pilot valve is opened by the movement of one lever andclosed by the movement of said rotatable plug.

3. In a device of the character stated, a hydraulic motor comprising acylinder and a piston, a pressure fluid by-pass communicating with saidcylinder on opposite sides of said piston, a valve casing located insaid by-pass, a rotatable valve in said casing, a pilot valve adjacentthereto, pressure operated means for operating said rotatable valve inone direction and controlled by said pilot valve, and manually operablemeans for moving said rotatable valve in the opposite direction.

l. In a device of the character stated, a hydraulic motor comprising acylinder and a piston, a pressure fluid by-pass communicating with saidcylinder on opposite sides of said piston, a valve casing located insaid by-pass, a rotatable valve in said casing, a pilot valve adjacentthereto, connections between said valves whereby one movement thereofopens said pilot valve, another movement thereof closes both valves, anda third movement opens said pilot valve to an exhaust position.

5. In a device of the character stated, a hydraulic motor comprising acylinder and a piston, a pressure fluid by-pass communicating with saidcylinder on opposite sides of said piston, a valve casing located insaid by-pass, a rotatable valve in said casing, a pilot valve adjacentthereto, an auxiliary cylinder controlled by said pilot valve, a pistonslidingly mounted in said cylinder and operatively connected with saidrotatable valve, connections between said valves, whereby one movementthereof opens said pilot valve to admit pressure fluid to said auxiliarycylinder to actuate said piston to open said rotatable valve, a secondmovement thereof closes said pilot valve, and a third movement of saidconnections closes said rotatable valve and opens said pilot valve toexhaust said auxiliary cylinder.

SAMUEL S. CASKEY.

Witnesses:

Ronnn'r M. BARR, C. D. McVAY.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents.- Washington, 1). G.

